# QRS (Quantitative Research Society)

> QRS connects students and researchers across institutions to advance research in quantitative finance, machine learning, and related technical fields.

QRS@NTU is the Nanyang Technological University branch of the Quantitative Research Society, Singapore: student-led research in quantitative finance, machine learning and mathematics, the QRS Research Academy, NTU past-year papers and notes (Math Notes), events, and services for research communities.

Every page below is listed by its Markdown copy, which has the same content as the web page without the layout: add index.md to any page address (https://qrsntu.org/about/ becomes https://qrsntu.org/about/index.md). All of them in one file: https://qrsntu.org/llms-full.txt (long pages shortened there). To find one fact, search https://qrsntu.org/data/site-index.json: every page and section as plain text with its URL. How to use this site from an AI assistant: https://qrsntu.org/agents/.

## About QRS

- [Quantitative Research Society (QRS)](https://qrsntu.org/index.md): QRS connects students and researchers across institutions to advance research in quantitative finance, machine learning, and related technical fields.
- [About](https://qrsntu.org/about/index.md): About QRS@NTU, which develops and conducts student-led research, and its place in the wider QRS network.
- [Contact](https://qrsntu.org/contact/index.md): Contact the Quantitative Research Society (QRS) for enquiries and collaboration.
- [Using This Site with AI Assistants](https://qrsntu.org/agents/index.md): How to use qrsntu.org with AI assistants such as Claude, ChatGPT, Gemini and Codex: a ready prompt, llms.txt, Markdown copies of every page, the site search index and the data files.

## Programmes and joining

- [Programmes](https://qrsntu.org/programmes/index.md): The QRS Research Academy is QRS's research programme for students, with applications for 2026 Fall #4, and a path to QRS Researcher roles.
- [QRS Research Academy: Cohorts, Outcomes and Applications](https://qrsntu.org/research-academy/index.md): A selective QRS research programme, from guided research to independent research leadership: selection process, how the Academy works, cohorts and applications for 2026 Fall #4.
- [Join QRS](https://qrsntu.org/join_us/index.md): Apply to the QRS Research Academy (2026 Fall #4) or get involved with the QRS@NTU community.
- [Application Prerequisite Guidelines](https://qrsntu.org/join_us/prerequisites/index.md): Prerequisite guidelines for applying to QRS@NTU: mathematics, probability and statistics, and programming foundations.
- [Research Academy Members](https://qrsntu.org/research-academy/members/index.md): Meet QRS Research Academy members and alumni by cohort, with their research areas, accepted works, and researchers promoted from the Academy.

## Research

- [Projects, Competitions & Recognition](https://qrsntu.org/projects/index.md): Explore QRS research projects, competitions, and recognition in quantitative finance, machine learning, and mathematics.
- [Publications](https://qrsntu.org/publications/index.md): Browse publications and preprints by QRS researchers, with author, year, and venue filters.
- [AI Native Workflow](https://qrsntu.org/projects/ai-native-workflow/index.md): Research on hierarchical, verification-gated and recoverable workflows for scaling long-horizon AI-assisted research and agent execution.
- [AlphaAllocator](https://qrsntu.org/projects/alphaallocator/index.md): AlphaAllocator: a news-reading allocation agent that asks one small model which asset a story is about and another whether it is good or bad, and lets a risk model allocate. 1st in NLPCC 2026 Track 1; ICAIF 2026 coming soon.
- [AlphaAllocator: How It Works](https://qrsntu.org/projects/alphaallocator/details/index.md): How AlphaAllocator works: why not one LLM, two small models for relevance and tone, a capped news tilt on a risk-parity base, the leakage-safe backtest, NLPCC 2026 results and ablations, and reproducibility notes.
- [CFFA 2026 — China Future Financial Analyst Competition](https://qrsntu.org/projects/cffa-2026/index.md): • Built a Greenwashing Risk Score across 1,676 Chinese green-bond issuances (2016–2025), using issue-spread regressions and portfolio sorts. • Pricing effects are weak unconditionally, but meaningful within credit-risk buckets after controls.
- [DecisionRank](https://qrsntu.org/projects/decisionrank/index.md): An early-stage research programme with derived research in progress.
- [FRTBTrace](https://qrsntu.org/projects/frtbtrace/index.md): FRTBTrace: exact trade-level attribution of FRTB-IMA market-risk capital. Five typed questions, one reverse pass through the full formula, and a ledger on (date, trade) positions that adds up to capital.
- [FRTBTrace: How It Works](https://qrsntu.org/projects/frtbtrace/details/index.md): How FRTBTrace works: why one attribution vector is not enough, ties and history, the capital graph, a pre-registered benchmark of 60 synthetic books, the comparison with published allocators, and the limitations.
- [FRTBTrace: Full Results](https://qrsntu.org/projects/frtbtrace/results/index.md): FRTBTrace full results: per-book outcomes for all 60 benchmark books, per-trade and per-date answers for a 960-trade book and the audited book, the multiplier sweep and certified repricing, as CSV files with SHA-256 hashes.
- [GeoAFT](https://qrsntu.org/projects/geoaft/index.md): GeoAFT, Geometric Attention Fine-Tuning: adapting how a pretrained Transformer compares representations, and when that differs from ordinary weight adaptation.
- [GeoAFT: How It Works](https://qrsntu.org/projects/geoaft/details/index.md): How GeoAFT works: the intuition for adapting attention geometry, the method in one picture, synthetic and real-task results, a mechanism study with its controls, and the technical details.
- [GeoAttention](https://qrsntu.org/projects/geoattention/index.md): Research on attention geometry, representation-relative identifiability, and geometry-adaptive prediction.
- [HedgeFidelity](https://qrsntu.org/projects/hedgefidelity/index.md): An early-stage research programme with derived research in progress.
- [MathResearchOS](https://qrsntu.org/projects/mathresearchos/index.md): MathResearchOS: a command-line system that turns a mathematical objective into a recoverable, verifier-gated run across Codex and Claude models, keeping every attempt on disk. Install, quick start and a one-run figure.
- [MathResearchOS: Usage Guide](https://qrsntu.org/projects/mathresearchos/details/index.md): MathResearchOS usage guide: install, create and run a case, family presets and model mixes, status and resume, human gates, manual hand-off, campaigns, Lean checks, where data is stored, safety limits and troubleshooting.
- [ntuinfo.com](https://qrsntu.org/projects/ntuinfo-com/index.md): A bilingual English/Chinese full-stack web application with a quantitative, multi-criteria scoring framework (mental load, physical load, difficulty) that ranks 100+ NTU student clubs and surfaces algorithmically-driven recommendations for students.
- [PolicyAttention](https://qrsntu.org/projects/policyattention/index.md): PolicyAttention: one softmax attention row computes the policy mirror descent step exactly. A causal actor-environment-critic loop with a bound on the returned policy, learned Transformers checked against it, and where a stronger step backfires.
- [PolicyAttention: How It Works](https://qrsntu.org/projects/policyattention/details/index.md): How PolicyAttention works: why softmax rather than linear attention, the actor, environment and critic errors, the exact reversal boundary and state-local mask, coverage relaxed, learned Transformers in repeated control, and the limitations.
- [In-Context PMD in Market Making: A Component Diagnosis](https://qrsntu.org/projects/policyattention/icaif/index.md): Where does learned in-context policy mirror descent pay off in market making? An ICAIF 2026 workshop paper that swaps the learned actor and critic for their exact counterparts in an exactly solvable dealer market.
- [In-Context PMD in Market Making: How It Works](https://qrsntu.org/projects/policyattention/icaif/details/index.md): How the ICAIF 2026 component diagnosis works: an exactly solvable market-making family, the in-context PMD loop and its exact swap, what the actor and the critic cost, the payoff against desk rules, and the limitations.
- [RiskHedge](https://qrsntu.org/projects/riskhedge/index.md): RiskHedge: a fail-closed gate for financial risk decisions that accepts a cheap hedge ranking only when a certificate shows exhaustive evaluation would choose the same hedges; otherwise it buys exact prices or falls back. ICAIF 2026 FinAI-SPS workshop paper.
- [RiskHedge: How It Works](https://qrsntu.org/projects/riskhedge/details/index.md): How RiskHedge works: why not accept the cheap ranking, buying exact prices until the choice is fixed, the decision flow, results on 200 boundary-enriched synthetic instances, limitations, and the certificate in full.
- [SoftRank](https://qrsntu.org/projects/softrank/index.md): SoftRank: the approximation rank of softmax attention, measured on the operator rather than on one choice of query and key coordinates. A gauge-invariant bound from the softmax-visible interaction, a sharp r/2 exponent, and certified brackets on trained heads. NeurReps 2026.
- [SoftRank: How It Works](https://qrsntu.org/projects/softrank/details/index.md): How SoftRank works: why query-key radii depend on the coordinate frame, the visible interaction C = P(log A)P and the intrinsic size kappa, where the r/2 exponent comes from, certified brackets on BERT, GPT-2, Qwen2.5, ViT and Llama heads, and the limitations.

## People

- [People](https://qrsntu.org/people/index.md): Meet QRS@NTU officers and QRS researchers, and explore their profiles, projects, and publications.
- [Annie Huaiyu Wang](https://qrsntu.org/people/annie-huaiyu-wang/index.md): QRS Research Academy Member
- [Danlin Chen](https://qrsntu.org/cdl/index.md): BS, Western University
- [Duy Anh Nguyen](https://qrsntu.org/people/duy-anh-nguyen/index.md): BS, Nanyang Technological University
- [Jianing Zhang](https://qrsntu.org/jn/index.md): Researcher, Quantitative Research Society
- [Jingshu Liu](https://qrsntu.org/people/jingshu-liu/index.md): QRS Research Academy Member
- [Luis Ji](https://qrsntu.org/people/luis-ji/index.md): QRS@NTU
- [Mi Zeyuan](https://qrsntu.org/people/mi-zeyuan/index.md): Vice President, QRS@NTU
- [Shufang Chen](https://qrsntu.org/people/shufang-chen/index.md): QRS Research Academy Member
- [Wang Zimeng](https://qrsntu.org/people/wang-zimeng/index.md): NUS Sub-branch Coordinator; QRS Research Academy Member
- [Xiaotong Li](https://qrsntu.org/people/xiaotong-li/index.md): QRS Research Academy Member
- [Xinyue Wu](https://qrsntu.org/people/xinyue-wu/index.md): QRS Research Academy Member; QRS@NTU
- [Yingzhi Tang](https://qrsntu.org/yz/index.md): Researcher, Quantitative Research Society
- [Yizhe Chia](https://qrsntu.org/people/yizhe-chia/index.md): QRS Research Academy Member
- [Yuhe Sui](https://qrsntu.org/yh/index.md): President & Founder, QRS@NTU; Principal Researcher, Quantitative Research Society

## Learning resources

- [Math Notes](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/index.md): Browse NTU mathematics and economics past-year papers, solutions, revision notes, and course resources.
- [Post-Training, Explained](https://qrsntu.org/learn/post-training/index.md): An illustrated explainer on LLM post-training: how supervised fine-tuning, reward models, RLHF with PPO, DPO and GRPO turn a pre-trained language model into an assistant.
- [Post-Training: The Full Guide](https://qrsntu.org/learn/post-training/guide/index.md): The full guide to LLM post-training: history from ULMFiT to GPT-3, SFT, Bradley-Terry reward models, policy gradients, GAE, PPO, InstructGPT, DPO, RLVR, GRPO and DeepSeek-R1, with derivations and interactive figures.
- [后训练：完整指南](https://qrsntu.org/learn/post-training/zh/index.md): LLM 后训练完整指南（中文版）：从 ULMFiT 到 GPT-3 的历史，SFT、Bradley–Terry 奖励模型、策略梯度、GAE、PPO、InstructGPT、DPO、RLVR、GRPO 与 DeepSeek-R1，含推导与交互图。

## Math Notes courses

- [BR2207 Quantitative Analysis: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/br2207/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU BR2207 Quantitative Analysis: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [BR2210 Financial Markets and Products: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/br2210/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU BR2210 Financial Markets and Products: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [BR2211 Financial and Risk Analytics I: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/br2211/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU BR2211 Financial and Risk Analytics I: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [BR3208 Operational Risk Management: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/br3208/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU BR3208 Operational Risk Management: final exams 2022-23 to 2023-24. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [BR3213 Valuation and Risk Models: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/br3213/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU BR3213 Valuation and Risk Models: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [HE1001 Microeconomics I: NTU Past-Year Papers and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/he1001/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU HE1001 Microeconomics I: final exams 2025-26, midterms 2025-26, revision notes and 4 practice papers, with 6 solutions, 5 written by QRS. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [HE1002 Macroeconomics I: NTU Notes and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/he1002/index.md): Notes and solutions for NTU HE1002 Macroeconomics I: revision notes, 11 problem sheets and 6 practice papers, with 17 solutions written by QRS. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [HE2001 Microeconomics II: NTU Notes and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/he2001/index.md): Notes and solutions for NTU HE2001 Microeconomics II: revision notes, 11 tutorials and 2 practice papers, with 16 solutions, 13 written by QRS. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [HE2002 Macroeconomics II: NTU Notes and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/he2002/index.md): Notes and solutions for NTU HE2002 Macroeconomics II: revision notes and 11 tutorials, with 10 solutions written by QRS. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [HE2003 Econometrics I: NTU Notes and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/he2003/index.md): Notes and solutions for NTU HE2003 Econometrics I: revision notes, 1 cheat sheet, 5 tutorials and 2 practice papers, with 7 solutions written by QRS. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH1100 Calculus I: NTU Past-Year Papers and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh1100/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH1100 Calculus I: final exams 2015-16 to 2024-25, midterms 2017-18 to 2025-26 and revision notes, with 16 solutions. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH1101 Calculus II: NTU Past-Year Papers and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh1101/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH1101 Calculus II: final exams 2012-13 to 2023-24, midterms 2017-18 to 2024-25, revision notes, 1 cheat sheet and 12 tutorials, with 25 solutions, 12 written by QRS. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH1200 Linear Algebra I: NTU Past-Year Papers and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh1200/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH1200 Linear Algebra I: final exams 2012-13 to 2024-25 and revision notes, with 9 solutions, 4 written by QRS. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH1201 Linear Algebra II: NTU Past-Year Papers and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh1201/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH1201 Linear Algebra II: final exams 2021-22 to 2024-25, midterms 2021-22 to 2024-25, revision notes, 1 cheat sheet, 10 tutorials and 1 practice paper, with 19 solutions written by QRS. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH1300 Foundations of Mathematics: NTU Past-Year Papers and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh1300/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH1300 Foundations of Mathematics: final exams 2015-16 to 2024-25, midterms 2015-16 to 2024-25, revision notes and 1 cheat sheet, with 29 solutions, 10 written by QRS. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH1301 Discrete Mathematics: NTU Past-Year Papers and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh1301/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH1301 Discrete Mathematics: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25, revision notes, 1 cheat sheet, 12 tutorials and 1 practice paper, with 13 solutions written by QRS. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH1403 Algorithms and Computing: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh1403/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH1403 Algorithms and Computing: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH2100 Calculus III: NTU Past-Year Papers and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh2100/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH2100 Calculus III: final exams 2022-23 to 2025-26, midterms 2018-19 to 2025-26, revision notes, 1 cheat sheet and 2 practice papers, with 15 solutions written by QRS. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH2220 Algebra I: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh2220/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH2220 Algebra I: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH2500 Probability: NTU Past-Year Papers and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh2500/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH2500 Probability: final exams 2017-18 to 2024-25 and midterms 2019-20 to 2021-22, with 11 solutions. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH3100 Real Analysis I: NTU Past-Year Papers and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh3100/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH3100 Real Analysis I: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25, revision notes, 1 cheat sheet, 5 tutorials and 4 practice papers, with 9 solutions written by QRS. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH3110 Ordinary Differential Equations: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh3110/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH3110 Ordinary Differential Equations: final exams 2022-23. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH3200 Abstract Algebra I: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh3200/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH3200 Abstract Algebra I: final exams 2022-23. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH3210 Number Theory: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh3210/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH3210 Number Theory: final exams 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH3220 Algebra II: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh3220/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH3220 Algebra II: final exams 2023-24 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH3300 Graph Theory: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh3300/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH3300 Graph Theory: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH3500 Statistics: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh3500/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH3500 Statistics: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH3510 Regression Analysis: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh3510/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH3510 Regression Analysis: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH3700 Numerical Analysis I: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh3700/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH3700 Numerical Analysis I: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH3701 Basic Optimization: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh3701/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH3701 Basic Optimization: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4100 Real Analysis II: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4100/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4100 Real Analysis II: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4110 Partial Differential Equations: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4110/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4110 Partial Differential Equations: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4200 Abstract Algebra II: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4200/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4200 Abstract Algebra II: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4300 Combinatorics: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4300/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4300 Combinatorics: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4301 Set Theory and Logic: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4301/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4301 Set Theory and Logic: final exams 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4311 Cryptography: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4311/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4311 Cryptography: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4320 Computational Economics: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4320/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4320 Computational Economics: final exams 2023-24 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4500 Time Series Analysis: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4500/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4500 Time Series Analysis: final exams 2022-23. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4501 Multivariate Analysis: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4501/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4501 Multivariate Analysis: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4511 Sampling & Survey: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4511/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4511 Sampling & Survey: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4512 Clinical Trials: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4512/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4512 Clinical Trials: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4514 Financial Mathematics: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4514/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4514 Financial Mathematics: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25 and revision notes. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4517 Data Applications in Natural Sciences: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4517/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4517 Data Applications in Natural Sciences: final exams 2022-23. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4518 Simulation Techniques in Finance: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4518/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4518 Simulation Techniques in Finance: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4521 Reinforcement Learning: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4521/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4521 Reinforcement Learning: final exams 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4522 Spatial Data Science: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4522/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4522 Spatial Data Science: final exams 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4600 Algebraic Topology: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4600/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4600 Algebraic Topology: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4601 Differential Geometry: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4601/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4601 Differential Geometry: final exams 2023-24. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4700 Numerical Analysis II: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4700/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4700 Numerical Analysis II: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4701 Mathematical Programming: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4701/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4701 Mathematical Programming: final exams 2022-23 to 2024-25. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH4930 Special Topics in Mathematics: NTU Past-Year Papers](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh4930/index.md): Past-year papers for NTU MH4930 Special Topics in Mathematics: final exams 2022-23. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH5100 Advanced Investigations in Calculus I: NTU Notes and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh5100/index.md): Notes and solutions for NTU MH5100 Advanced Investigations in Calculus I: revision notes and 9 problem sheets, with 8 solutions. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.
- [MH5200 Advanced Investigations in Linear Algebra I: NTU Notes and Solutions](https://qrsntu.org/math_notes/mh5200/index.md): Notes and solutions for NTU MH5200 Advanced Investigations in Linear Algebra I: revision notes and 8 problem sheets, with 8 solutions written by QRS. Free PDF downloads from QRS Math Notes.

## News and events

- [News](https://qrsntu.org/news/index.md): News from QRS: research, releases, events and guides, with search and filters and an RSS feed.
- [Events](https://qrsntu.org/events/index.md): Find QRS and QRS@NTU talks, workshops, competitions, and community events.
- [Global Market Making Games 2026 Singapore](https://qrsntu.org/gmmg/index.md): Compete individually in the Global Market Making Games 2026 Singapore qualifier on 16 October. Open to all university students in Singapore.
- [QRS@NTU Major Update](https://qrsntu.org/news/dec2025-major-update/index.md): The December 2025 QRS@NTU update: website fixes to folders, search and ranking, and final examination papers for over 70 SPMS and NBS courses.
- [Quant & FinTech Events Guide](https://qrsntu.org/news/events-guide-2026-jan/index.md): Quant and fintech events for students in January 2026: campus events, recruiting programmes, conferences and industry expos.
- [Six works accepted to ICAIF 2026 workshops](https://qrsntu.org/news/icaif-2026-workshops/index.md): Six works from QRS research programmes were accepted to ICAIF 2026 workshops, including the first first-author workshop papers of three 2026 Fall #2 Research Academy members.
- [NeurIPS 2026 Attendee Guide for Sydney, Atlanta and Paris](https://qrsntu.org/news/neurips-2026-attendee-guide/index.md): The Quantitative Research Society, Singapore, has published a free, unofficial guide for NeurIPS 2026 in Sydney, Atlanta and Paris: schedule, city guides, hotels, presenting and data for AI assistants.
- [Five works accepted to NeurIPS 2026 workshops](https://qrsntu.org/news/neurips-2026-workshops/index.md): Five works from the QRS Research Academy's inaugural cohort were accepted to NeurIPS 2026 workshops.

## Service

- [Service](https://qrsntu.org/service/index.md): QRS supports academic workshops and research communities with web, publicity, outreach, and organisational infrastructure.
- [Workshop Explorer](https://qrsntu.org/service/workshops/index.md): An independent QRS directory of conference workshops: search calls for papers by research area, paper type, page limit, deadline and publication policy.
- [AAAI 2027 Workshop Explorer](https://qrsntu.org/service/workshops/aaai-2027/index.md): Search and filter the AAAI 2027 workshops by research area, paper type, page limit, deadline and archival status, with submission rules and official CFP links.
- [AAAI 2027 Workshop Updates](https://qrsntu.org/service/workshops/aaai-2027/updates/index.md): What changed in the AAAI 2027 workshop data: moved deadlines, OpenReview due times that differ from the published deadline, and points where official sources disagree.
- [NeurIPS 2026 Attendee Guide](https://qrsntu.org/service/neurips26/llms.txt): Tickets, visas, hotels, city guides and the schedule for NeurIPS 2026, with static JSON, a REST API and MCP servers. Its own llms.txt for agents.

## Other pages

- [Privacy](https://qrsntu.org/privacy/index.md): How the Quantitative Research Society handles personal data: the website, Research Academy applications and Google account data.

## Data

- [Site search index](https://qrsntu.org/data/site-index.json): every page above and its sections as plain text, plus Math Notes courses, publications and events, each with its URL. The site's search box reads it.
- [courses.json](https://qrsntu.org/courses.json): Every NTU course in Math Notes with its past papers, solutions and notes, each with a download URL.
- [data/people.json](https://qrsntu.org/data/people.json): People: names, roles, affiliations, education and profile links.
- [data/projects.json](https://qrsntu.org/data/projects.json): Research projects: summary, status, lead and authors.
- [data/publications.json](https://qrsntu.org/data/publications.json): Publications: title, authors (people ids), year, venue and link.
- [data/events.json](https://qrsntu.org/data/events.json): Events QRS runs or partners in, with dates, times and organisers.
- [data/news.json](https://qrsntu.org/data/news.json): News posts with dates and summaries.
- [data/workshops/aaai-2027.json](https://qrsntu.org/data/workshops/aaai-2027.json): AAAI 2027 workshops: deadlines, page limits, review and archival policy, sources and checks.

## Optional

- [Site Map](https://qrsntu.org/site-map/index.md): Find all public QRS pages, including programmes, events, research publications, mathematics notes, and member profiles.
- [Sitemap](https://qrsntu.org/sitemap.xml): every canonical page with the date its content last changed.